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H.B. 425 makes two major changes to how Utah cities, towns, and counties can charge fees. First, it prohibits cities and towns from imposing broad public fees for public safety services like police, fire, and emergency response — and prohibits cities from charging the general public for broadband internet service — though narrow exceptions apply for existing fees tied to inter-government agreements, volunteer services, or bonds already issued. Any prohibited fees currently in place must be repealed by July 1, 2027. Second, the bill creates a new type of charge called a "transportation utility fee," which cities, towns, and counties may impose to fund road and transportation infrastructure when other revenue sources are insufficient; before doing so, local governments must complete a formal study, hold public hearings, adopt the fee by ordinance with a separate vote, keep the revenue in a dedicated account that cannot be used for any other purpose, conduct annual reviews, and report to the state auditor — and the fee expires automatically after 10 years unless renewed. Residents in cities or towns that currently rely on broad public safety fees to fund services like fire or emergency response may see those fees eliminated, which could pressure local governments to find alternative funding sources for those services.